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Disease Profile

Cardiomyopathy dilated with woolly hair and keratoderma

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

-

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Carvajal syndrome; Palmoplantar keratoderma with left ventricular cardiomyopathy and woolly hair; Epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma woolly hair and dilated cardiomyopathy;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Heart Diseases; Mouth Diseases;

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 65282

Definition
A syndrome that is characterized by woolly hair, palmoplantar keratoderma and dilated cardiomyopathy principally affecting the left ventricle.

Epidemiology
Only a few cases have been reported, all involving patients from Ecuador, India or Turkey.

Clinical description
The woolly hair is present at birth and the palmoplantar keratoderma appears during the first year of life. The cardiac anomaly presents during childhood and is marked by dilation of the left ventricle accompanied by alterations in muscle contractility. The dilated cardiomyopathy may lead to life-threatening congestive heart failure.

Etiology
The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and is caused by mutations in the DSP gene (6p24) encoding desmoplakin, a protein involved in cell adhesion.

Differential diagnosis
The syndrome is similar to Naxos disease (see this term).

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Stretched and thinned heart muscle
0001644
Patchy palmoplantar keratoderma
0005588
Woolly hair
Kinked hair
0002224
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Congestive heart failure
Cardiac failure
Cardiac failures
Heart failure

[ more ]

0001635
1%-4% of people have these symptoms
Death in adolescence
0011421
Death in early adulthood
0100613
Palmoplantar keratoderma
Thickening of palms and soles
0000982
Ventricular tachycardia
0004756
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
0031319
Clubbing of fingers
Clubbed fingers
Clubbing (hands)
Finger clubbing

[ more ]

0100759
Edema
Fluid retention
Water retention

[ more ]

0000969
Reduced number of teeth
Decreased tooth count
0009804

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Cardiomyopathy dilated with woolly hair and keratoderma. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Cardiomyopathy dilated with woolly hair and keratoderma. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.